Display Interfaces
A display interface is used to transmit video, potentially also audio and other technologies between the signal source (typically a computer, docking station, DVD player etc.) and the display unit (monitor, projector). The properties of individual interfaces differ and are described below.
DisplayPort – a digital interface designed by VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association).
- DisplayPort++ (DisplayPort Dual-mode): this standard is capable of modifying DisplayPort signal so that simple passive adapters are capable of transforming it to HDMI or DVI signal. Dual-mode is an optional feature and not all DisplayPort connectors support it.
- DisplayPort 1.2/1.2a: maximum bit rate of 17.28 Gb/s, with resolution of up to 4K 60Hz
- DisplayPort 1.3: maximum bit rate of 25.92 Gb/s, with resolution of up to 5K/60Hz or 4K/120Hz
- DisplayPort 1.4: maximum bit rate of 25.92 Gb/s; also introduces DSC 1.2 image compression which shifted the boundaries of maximum available resolutions to up to 8K/60Hz. Another new addition is support for up to 32 audio channels compared to 8 available in the previous versions
HDMI
The most widespread digital standard for transmitting video or audio signal.
- HDMI 1.4: Throughput of up to 10.2 Gb/s, supports: 3D video, resolution of up to 4K/30Hz
- HDMI 2.0: Throughput of up to 18 Gb/s, supports: up to 32 audio channels + up to 4 audio tracks, 21:9 aspect ratio, resolution of up to 4K/60Hz
- HDMI 2.1: Throughput of up to 48 Gb/s, supports: HDR and DSC, resolution of up to 4K/120Hz, 8K/60Hz and 10K/30Hz
DVI
Digital Visual Interface – interface for connecting a monitor to a computer. DVI was created with the intention of creating an industry standard for communication between display devices.
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DVI-D – (digital only): digital signal only 
DVI-A – (analog only): for compatibility with analogue monitors
DVI-I – (digital & analog): digital and analogue signal- Connectors may have a second data link designed for transmitting video with high resolution.
VGA
Video Graphics Array – a computer standard for display devices. A 15-pin connector with pins arranged in three rows. The VGA connector is used for transmitting analogue signal.
G-Sync/FreeSync:
a type of adaptive synchronisation technology. Contributes to reducing tearing, stuttering and shaking of the image on the screen by synchronising the refresh rate of the monitor with the frame rate of the graphics processing unit (GPU)
HDR
abbreviation for “High Dynamic Range” , an imaging technique used to make displayed scenes look very similar to how the human eye would see them.
Simply put, the image you see on the screen has a better range of luminance, from the darkest black to very bright white.
